Economic Development
ORF America
Growth, finance, fiscal: reading the IMF ...

By Udaibir Das

Fiscal space, financial space and institutional credibility are no longer separable policy domains. They are jointly binding constraints. The IMF flagships document their components but not the mechanism.

Growth, finance, fiscal: reading the IMF flagships together
Technology Policy
ORF America
Expanding India’s Role in the International ...

By Sujai Shivakumar, Hideki Tomoshige, and Jeffrey D. Bean

India is positioning itself as an increasingly important node in the global semiconductor ecosystem, building on its established strengths in chip design and deep pool of STEM talent. These efforts come at a time when global semiconductor supply chains remain highly concentrated, creating opportunities for India to contribute to diversification and resilience. 

Expanding India’s Role in the International Semiconductor Ecosystem
Economic Development
ORF America
When conflicts rewire banks

By Udaibir Das

Under conditions of armed conflict and state rupture, banking shifts away from decentralized intermediation towards directed, survival-orientated finance. Yet the policy conversation has concentrated on sanctions, commodities and trade — the institutional reorganization of banking under conflict remains less well examined.

When conflicts rewire banks
Economic Development
ORF America
Can China build a financial powerhouse by 2030?

By Udaibir Das

Adopted by the National People’s Congress in March 2026, China’s 15th Five-Year Plan does not treat finance as a supporting function for economic growth. It treats finance as a strategic instrument of technological capability.

Can China build a financial powerhouse by 2030?
Foreign Policy & Security
ORF America
The Structural and Political Factors of the ...

By Dhruva Jaishankar

For countries around the world — whether allies, partners, or competitors of the United States — there are important and immediate questions of how much and to what degree they will accommodate, or hedge against, the United States’ new approach to the world.

The Structural and Political Factors of the U.S. Reset with the World

August 2024

The UK’s National Wealth Fund: A Guiding Beacon or a Lost Mirage? Strengthening Governance to Empower the UK’s Future

The UK’s National Wealth Fund: A Guiding Beacon or a Lost Mirage? Strengthening Governance to Empower the UK’s Future

By Udaibir Das

The UK is poised to make a significant impact with the National Wealth Fund (NWF), a fund designed to spearhead its green transition and support sustainable growth. Will the UK’s NWF be a guiding economic beacon or just a political mirage?

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