Global Economics and Development
ORF America conducts programs and research around more effective development policies, strengthening global value chains, coordinating foreign assistance initiatives, and fostering entrepreneurship in the developing world.
Experts:
By Udaibir Das
By deepening financial resilience, accelerating capital market reforms, and fostering global financial integration, India can reinforce its position as a stable, competitive, and inclusive financial powerhouse—one that is fully aligned with its long-term economic ambitions.
By Marta Bengoa
As this new phase of trade conflict unfolds, both immediate price effects and the longer-term restructuring of economic relationships threaten to undermine decades of productivity gains achieved through global economic integration.
By Udaibir Das
While framed to correct trade imbalances and protect domestic industries, reciprocal tariffs’ effects extend far beyond manufacturers, exporters, and importers.
By Marta Bengoa
The era of frictionless trade has ended. For the industrial heartlands of Brazil, India, Malaysia, and Japan, this could shape economic trajectories for years to come.
By Karan Bhasin
While we do know that global poverty has declined significantly over the last decade, with much of the decline coming from China and India, India’s contribution has not often been well understood or appreciated.
By Marta Bengoa
While the full implications of Trump's latest trade offensive remain to be seen, one thing appears certain: the global trading system is entering uncharted waters, with consequences that will reverberate far beyond the targeted nations.
By Anit Mukherjee
As the DOGE team strides into the corridors of government in Washington DC, what can it learn from Aadhaar?
By Karan Bhasin
A small trade agreement today will help end uncertainty, allowing firms from the United States and India to make significant investments in reorienting supply chains.
By Udaibir Das
When viewed through the lens of financial channels — capital flows, exchange rates, and investment patterns — the implications of the U.S. policy reset for the Global South become clear.
By Udaibir Das
What are the concerns attached to the G20's “Roadmap Towards Better, Bigger, and More Effective Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs)”?
By Anit Mukherjee and Caroline Arkalji
What is IBSA and how can their consecutive G20 presidencies help further the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals on a global scale?
By Caroline Arkalji
How can India’s transition to green energy ensure that new job opportunities are accessible to all workers, especially those in carbon-intensive industries?
By Karan Bhasin
With China’s economy slowing down, many emerging markets that supply critical raw materials for global value chains operating through China have become extremely vulnerable.
By Anit Mukherjee
What is the Global Digital Compact and how can it help nations integrate growing technology into their societies?
By Caroline Arkalji
How are Global South nations tackling the challenges that arise with rapid urbanization?
By Anit Mukherjee
What is the United Nations General Assembly and why does its theme for 2024, the Summit of the Future, matter for globalization?
By Dhruva Jaishankar
The revival of the global economy will stem from multilateral efforts to achieve the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) despite indications pointing to increased economic competition.
By Anit Mukherjee
The lack of jobs and job creation has not only sparked the recent student protests in Bangladesh but also has raised concern among voters in the United States as the 2024 presidential election nears. How can both the United States and Bangladesh tackle the shortcomings of their national job markets for incoming youth?
Recent Events:
Initiatives:
By Udaibir Das
The key question is not whether the decline in aid and external assistance will push these economies towards more debt – it already does – but rather what kind of debt they will incur and what long-term implications it will bring.
By Udaibir Das
As AI takes on a greater role in economic analysis and policy, an unsettling question arises: will its ability to recognise systemic risks with historical precedents weaken with a lack of immediate algorithmic reference?
Background Paper No. 30
By Veronica Jijon
By Udaibir Das
The world’s most populous democracy faces a turbulent landscape of geopolitical rivalries, technological shifts and the urgency of climate action. The question remains: will global economic forces propel India toward leadership or will they impede its ascent?
Background Paper No. 29
By Anit Mukherjee and Ashwini Joshi
By Udaibir Das
In 2024, Africa’s economic and political importance grew significantly, laying a strong foundation for 2025 to be a transformative year for the continent.
By Anit Mukherjee
With the Indian prime minister’s and external affairs minister’s recent visits to Latin America, the engagements are a sign of India’s deepening commitment to improve and strengthen strategic and economic ties with the region where it is still playing catch up to China.
"Rebalancing Globalization: Perspectives from the Global South" attempts to provide a framework for the next phase of globalization that is rebalanced and sustainable and can address issues that matter to the Global South.
Edited Volume
By Anit Mukherjee, Dhruva Jaishankar, Alan Gelb, Pamla Gopaul, Marta Bengoa, Shayak Sengupta, Aude Darnal, Elizabeth Sidiropoulos, Udaibir Das, Veronica Jijon, and Lorrayne Porciuncula
Editors: Anit Mukherjee and Dhruva Jaishankar
By Surjit S. Bhalla, Karan Bhasin, and Tirthatanmoy Das
Using a structural micro-econometric model, the roles of both the labor market and the household sector in female labor participation are evaluated to analyze the evolution of India’s labor market.
By Udaibir Das
Where do Brics, the International Monetary Fund, and the World Bank overlap in their newly released communiques on the global economic landscape?
By Udaibir Das
How do sovereign wealth funds navigate current times while building portfolio resilience?
By Udaibir Das
How can countries with small and shallow financial markets adopt financial stability reports that are more suited for their economic conditions?
By Udaibir Das
How should China refine its financial reform strategy to better align with its economic ambitions and responsibilities?
By Udaibir Das
The decisions from the 20th National Congress and the Third Plenum collectively represent significant strides in reinforcing the financial sector’s role as China recalibrates its growth model.
By Udaibir Das
The UK is poised to make a significant impact with the National Wealth Fund (NWF), a fund designed to spearhead its green transition and support sustainable growth. Will the UK’s NWF be a guiding economic beacon or just a political mirage?
By Udaibir Das
The IMF’s RST is a significant step forward in mobilising climate finance, focused on leveraging private sector involvement. By learning from the RST’s successes and challenges, other international efforts can enhance their strategies to attract private capital, creating a more sustainable and resilient global economy.
By Udaibir Das
To effectively manage debt and all liabilities, a top-down, country-wide reform is necessary to move towards a comprehensive liability management function.
By Udaibir Das and Wayne Byres
After 50 years, the Basel Committee’s standards are crucial for maintaining global financial stability.
By Udaibir Das
The current global economic and capital market conditions necessitate reassessing conventional portfolio construction and risk management practices.
By Udaibir Das
Multilateral reform remains complex and demands patience to ensure that the process is transparent and inclusive.
By Udaibir Das
Africa stands on the precipice of a financial renaissance, poised to redefine its influence in the global investment sphere.
By Udaibir Das
As a unified bloc, Africa can negotiate better terms in international trade agreements, investment deals and financial arrangements.
Background Paper No. 19
By Anit Mukherjee
By Udaibir Das
Today’s financial sector is complex and plagued by structural flaws and unfinished reforms.
By Udaibir Das
Balance sheet risks have become more challenging and critical for resource-rich, low-income countries, especially in Africa.
By Udaibir Das
While the digitalisation of finance advances and the potential introduction of central bank digital currency might aid finance in Africa, it is not enough.
By Anit Mukherjee, Ubah Thomas Ubah, Brian Webster, Wendy Cunningham, and Georgina Marin
Using data from three countries, this paper finds that digital government-to-person (G2P) payments were effective in reaching urban informal sector beneficiaries quickly and safely during the COVID-19 crisis.
Background Paper No. 16
By Anit Mukherjee, Rajeesh Menon, and Yukti Sharma
By Udaibir Das
The past 50 years have seen shifts in the global financial system’s behaviour. Major market crises, such as the 1997 Asian crisis and the 2008 financial crisis, have resulted in more robust financial policies focused on licensed entities.
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