Background Paper, Technology Policy
ORF America
China’s Critical Mineral Export Controls: ...

Background Paper No. 32

By Abhisri Nath & Jeffrey D. Bean

China’s Critical Mineral Export Controls: Background & Chokepoints
Economic Development
ORF America
Capital crunch stifles entrepreneurs in ...

By Udaibir Das

As concessional finance declines, vulnerabilities mount and aid priorities shift, vulnerable low-income countries must increasingly rely on domestic sources of funding. Efficient capital markets are not a luxury – they are foundational infrastructure for economic growth.

Capital crunch stifles entrepreneurs in low-income economies
Background Paper, Technology Policy
ORF America
The Road Ahead for U.S. Policy on Artificial ...

Background Paper No. 31

By Sarah Box

The Road Ahead for U.S. Policy on Artificial Intelligence
Technology Policy
ORF America
Navigating the Entanglements in the U.S.-China ...

By Linda Nhon and Andreas Kuehn

Trump 2.0’s overall policy directions in critical and emerging technologies will likely hew to common expectations. The details, however, of what technologies the new administration will prioritise and how actions, such as tariffs and export controls for example, will affect the United States’ (US) innovation and technology leadership remains underexplored.

Navigating the Entanglements in the U.S.-China Quantum Technology Race
Foreign Policy & Security
ORF America
India’s uneven quest to master technology

By Dhruva Jaishankar

Learnings from Delhi’s past should help in shaping the future as India bets big on new critical technologies.

India’s uneven quest to master technology

May 2024

Air pollution mortality from India's coal power plants: unit-level estimates for targeted policy

Air pollution mortality from India's coal power plants: unit-level estimates for targeted policy

By Kirat Singh, Tapas Peshin, Shayak Sengupta, Sumil K Thakrar, Christopher W Tessum, Jason D Hill, Inês M L Azevedo and Stephen P Luby

Absolute annual mortality ranges from less than 1 to over 650 deaths/year across units, and the mortality intensity of generation varies from under 0.002 to 0.43 deaths/GWh.

Air quality, health, and equity impacts of vehicle electrification in India

Air quality, health, and equity impacts of vehicle electrification in India

By Tapas Peshin, Shayak Sengupta, Sumil K Thakrar, Kirat Singh, Jason Hill, Joshua S Apte, Christopher W Tessum, Julian D Marshall and Inês M L Azevedo

Higher increases in pollution exposure are seen in scheduled castes/tribes, poor, and rural populations particularly in high coal production states.

Cyber Stakeholders: ORF America's Contributions to Multilateralism at the UN Open-Ended Working Group

Cyber Stakeholders: ORF America's Contributions to Multilateralism at the UN Open-Ended Working Group

Contribution from the Cyberspace Cooperation Initiative at the Observer Research Foundation America in the context of the seventh substantive session of the Open-ended Working Group on security of and in the use of information and communications technologies 2021-2025 (March 2024).

Observer Research Foundation America, 1100 17th St. NW, Suite 501, Washington DC 20036 USA