Background Paper No. 38
By Jeffrey D. Bean and Dhruva Jaishankar
A U.S.-India Partnership for the AI Age
By Dhruva Jaishankar and Ylli Bajraktari
The United States and India now have a major opportunity to cooperate more closely on AI. But they must move beyond the rhetoric of shared values to building shared infrastructure.
Expanding India’s Role in the International Semiconductor Ecosystem
By Sujai Shivakumar, Hideki Tomoshige, and Jeffrey D. Bean
India is positioning itself as an increasingly important node in the global semiconductor ecosystem, building on its established strengths in chip design and deep pool of STEM talent. These efforts come at a time when global semiconductor supply chains remain highly concentrated, creating opportunities for India to contribute to diversification and resilience.
Why Technology Alliances Matter: AI Diffusion
By Andreas Kuehn
Technology alliances are emerging as the decisive arena of AI competition, where leadership depends less on model breakthroughs than on the global diffusion of trusted infrastructure, standards, and ecosystems.
U.S.–India AI and Emerging Technology Compact
Shaping U.S.-India AI Cooperation: Insights from the Inaugural U.S.-India AI Fellowship Program
Edited Volume
By Elie Alhajjar, Raj Shekhar, Divyansh Kaushik, Honson Tran, Megha Shrivastava, Zeena Nisar, Ingrid Erickson, Urmi Tat, Resham Sethi, Priyanshu Gupta, Katelyn Radack, Mandeep Rai, Neeraj Jain, Vaibhav Garg, Jatin Patni, and Wm. Matthew Kennedy
Editors: Andreas Kuehn and Anulekha Nandi
Western Balkans Report: Countering Cybercrime
China’s Critical Mineral Export Controls: Background & Chokepoints
The Road Ahead for U.S. Policy on Artificial Intelligence
Navigating the Entanglements in the U.S.-China Quantum Technology Race
By Linda Nhon and Andreas Kuehn
Trump 2.0’s overall policy directions in critical and emerging technologies will likely hew to common expectations. The details, however, of what technologies the new administration will prioritise and how actions, such as tariffs and export controls for example, will affect the United States’ (US) innovation and technology leadership remains underexplored.
Building Resilient Supply Chains: The Case of Semiconductors
Cyber Stakeholders: ORF America's Contributions to Multilateralism at the UN Open-Ended Working Group
Contribution from the Cyberspace Cooperation Initiative at the Observer Research Foundation America in the context of the seventh substantive session of the Open-ended Working Group on security of and in the use of information and communications technologies 2021-2025 (March 2024).
Policy Priorities for Sustaining U.S. Semiconductor Leadership
By Jeffrey D. Bean and Stephen Ezell
The United States has taken several key steps that we advocated. Foremost was passing the CHIPS and Science Act with bipartisan Congressional support in August 2022, which included appropriations of $52.7 billion for the CHIPS Act.
Whodunit in Cyberspace: The Rocky Road from Attribution to Accountability
Cutting-Edge Technologies in Developing Economies: The Case of India’s Semiconductor Industry
By Andreas Kuehn and Trisha Ray
To examine the policies and their challenges, this chapter draws from in-depth, expert interviews with current and former government officials, trade associations, industry decision-makers, and technology experts, as well as a systematic document analysis of publicly available government and corporate documents.
Tackling Software Supply Chain Security: A Toolbox for Policymakers
By Andreas Kuehn & Alexandra Paulus
Governments and industry have become increasingly aware of the security risk that software supply chains can cause if not managed properly.
Cyber Stability in the Developing World
Increased malicious cyber activities by criminals and state actors undermine the technical security of digital systems and threaten the industrial, social, and economic systems that rely on them.
Special Report
By Abagail Lawson
Defending Supply Chain Cybersecurity: Opportunities for Singapore-United States Cooperation
By Andreas Kuehn
Supply chain breakdowns and disruptions through cyber or other means can have
significant regional and global effects.
Security by Labeling: Protecting and empowering the digital consumer
By Andreas Kuehn
The industry has for long been criticized for not paying sufficient attention to the cybersecurity of its products.
Mundane But Meaningful: Understanding The Consequential Ways Digital Technology Is changing Basic Wartime Tasks
By Mchael Depp
The digitalization of national intelligence systems has made it possible for NATO to more effectively support Ukraine’s efforts with intelligence sharing.