Economic Development
ORF America
Growth, finance, fiscal: reading the IMF ...

By Udaibir Das

Fiscal space, financial space and institutional credibility are no longer separable policy domains. They are jointly binding constraints. The IMF flagships document their components but not the mechanism.

Growth, finance, fiscal: reading the IMF flagships together
Technology Policy
ORF America
Expanding India’s Role in the International ...

By Sujai Shivakumar, Hideki Tomoshige, and Jeffrey D. Bean

India is positioning itself as an increasingly important node in the global semiconductor ecosystem, building on its established strengths in chip design and deep pool of STEM talent. These efforts come at a time when global semiconductor supply chains remain highly concentrated, creating opportunities for India to contribute to diversification and resilience. 

Expanding India’s Role in the International Semiconductor Ecosystem
Economic Development
ORF America
When conflicts rewire banks

By Udaibir Das

Under conditions of armed conflict and state rupture, banking shifts away from decentralized intermediation towards directed, survival-orientated finance. Yet the policy conversation has concentrated on sanctions, commodities and trade — the institutional reorganization of banking under conflict remains less well examined.

When conflicts rewire banks
Economic Development
ORF America
Can China build a financial powerhouse by 2030?

By Udaibir Das

Adopted by the National People’s Congress in March 2026, China’s 15th Five-Year Plan does not treat finance as a supporting function for economic growth. It treats finance as a strategic instrument of technological capability.

Can China build a financial powerhouse by 2030?
Foreign Policy & Security
ORF America
The Structural and Political Factors of the ...

By Dhruva Jaishankar

For countries around the world — whether allies, partners, or competitors of the United States — there are important and immediate questions of how much and to what degree they will accommodate, or hedge against, the United States’ new approach to the world.

The Structural and Political Factors of the U.S. Reset with the World

Caroline Arkalji

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The Future of Climate Cooperation between the United States and India

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The Future of Climate Cooperation between the United States and India

This volume of short working papers is a product of ORF America’s U.S.-India Emerging Climate Leaders as they attempt to develop ideas around climate collaboration and communication for the United States and India.

Special Report

By Abigail Doerr, Amol Kapoor, Bhagyashri Kulkarni, Dhruva Jaishankar, Jonika Rathi, Karan Sinha, Lindsay Maizland, Medha Prasanna, Meenakshi Venkatraman, Miaoru Guan, Mridu Jhangiani, Pankaj Mahalle, Patrick Soltis, Paul Gordon, Perrin Krisko, Sabareesh Suresh, Tanya Kak, Vandita Sariya, Vanshica Kant, and Vedant Patil

Editors: Caroline Arkalji, Jeffrey D. Bean, and Medha Prasanna

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Rebalancing Globalization: Perspectives from the Global South

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Rebalancing Globalization: Perspectives from the Global South

"Rebalancing Globalization: Perspectives from the Global South" attempts to provide a framework for the next phase of globalization that is rebalanced and sustainable and can address issues that matter to the Global South. 

Edited Volume

By Anit Mukherjee, Dhruva Jaishankar, Alan Gelb, Pamla Gopaul, Marta Bengoa, Shayak Sengupta, Aude Darnal, Elizabeth Sidiropoulos, Udaibir Das, Veronica Jijon, and Lorrayne Porciuncula

Editors: Anit Mukherjee and Dhruva Jaishankar

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