Economic Development
ORF America
Capital crunch stifles entrepreneurs in ...

By Udaibir Das

As concessional finance declines, vulnerabilities mount and aid priorities shift, vulnerable low-income countries must increasingly rely on domestic sources of funding. Efficient capital markets are not a luxury – they are foundational infrastructure for economic growth.

Capital crunch stifles entrepreneurs in low-income economies
Background Paper, Technology Policy
ORF America
The Road Ahead For U.S. Policy On Artificial ...

Background Paper No. 31

By Sarah Box

The Road Ahead For U.S. Policy On Artificial Intelligence
Technology Policy
ORF America
Navigating the Entanglements in the U.S.-China ...

By Linda Nhon and Andreas Kuehn

Trump 2.0’s overall policy directions in critical and emerging technologies will likely hew to common expectations. The details, however, of what technologies the new administration will prioritise and how actions, such as tariffs and export controls for example, will affect the United States’ (US) innovation and technology leadership remains underexplored.

Navigating the Entanglements in the U.S.-China Quantum Technology Race
Foreign Policy & Security
ORF America
India’s uneven quest to master technology

By Dhruva Jaishankar

Learnings from Delhi’s past should help in shaping the future as India bets big on new critical technologies.

India’s uneven quest to master technology
Economic Development
ORF America
What happens when global donors shy away from ...

By Udaibir Das

The key question is not whether the decline in aid and external assistance will push these economies towards more debt – it already does – but rather what kind of debt they will incur and what long-term implications it will bring.

What happens when global donors shy away from aid

Economic Development

Cash Transfers in the Context of Energy Subsidy Reform: Insights from Recent Experience

Cash Transfers in the Context of Energy Subsidy Reform: Insights from Recent Experience

By Anit Mukherjee, Yuko Okamura, Ugo Gentilini, Defne Gencer, Mohamed Almenfi, Adea Kryeziu, Miriam Montenegro, and Nithin Umapathi

Over the past several decades, as part of the evolving understanding of energy subsidy reforms, there has been growing recognition of the potential of targeted cash transfers to support the poor and vulnerable to help governments achieve desired policy outcomes at lower fiscal cost and in a sustainable manner.

Digital-First Approach to Emergency Cash Transfers: Step-Kin in the Democratic Republic of Congo

Digital-First Approach to Emergency Cash Transfers: Step-Kin in the Democratic Republic of Congo

By Anit Mukherjee, Laura Bermeo, Yuko Okamura, Jimmy Vulembera, and Paul Bance

This study looks in depth at Democratic Republic of the Congo’s (DRC) approach to delivering emergency cash transfers: the Solidarity through Economic Transfers Against the Poverty in Kinshasa (STEP-KIN) program.

Can Digital G2P Payments Increase Financial Inclusion and Empower Women? Evidence from PESP in Bangladesh

Can Digital G2P Payments Increase Financial Inclusion and Empower Women? Evidence from PESP in Bangladesh

By Anit Mukherjee, Alan Gelb, and Brian Webster

This study considers the experience of the mothers with the shift to mobile money, and to the change in payments service provider that took place in 2019, through a survey of recipients and a control group.

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