By Uma Vatsa and Shailesh Mishra
The AI industry is making large, long-lived bets on future demand, even as the technology itself is becoming more efficient. If AI systems become cheaper to run, more efficient to train, or less dependent on massively centralized compute, some of today’s infrastructure may prove oversized, poorly located, or economically fragile.
By Anit Mukherjee
As crude oil prices moderate and energy supplies become more predictable, India has an opportunity to address three key challenges.
By Ashita Jain
The proposed India-U.S. trade deal discussions are distinct from traditional FTA negotiations, for they resemble a strategic economic partnership being negotiated under tariff pressure and in pursuit of an increasingly elusive sense of predictability for Indian exporters.
By Dhruva Jaishankar
What’s the latest on U.S.-India relations? Dhruva Jaishankar answers.
By Samriddhi Vij, Akram Zaoui, and Mahdi Ghuloom
In the early hours of June 15, U.S. President Donald Trump confirmed an announcement by Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif that a peace deal between the United States and Iran had been reached, iterating that both sides had declared “the immediate and permanent termination of military operations on all fronts, including in Lebanon.” ORF Middle East experts offer their quick takes.
By Telmen Altanshagai
The implications of PS-2 for Mongolia are double-edged. The project could provide new revenues, jobs, and energy diversification, while elevating Mongolia’s role in regional energy flows. But it also risks eroding the very sovereignty and strategic autonomy that Ulaanbaatar has sought to preserve through its “Third Neighbor” policy.
By Archana Kamath
While India’s overseas investments in infrastructure have been growing, including with the support of the Indian government’s foreign assistance programs, they have received far less attention, despite important projects in countries such as Bangladesh, Greece, Indonesia, Israel, Mauritius, the Philippines, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Tanzania, and Vietnam.
By Dhruva Jaishankar
The newly-elected presidency of Lee Jae Myung in South Korea has created an opportunity to advance India-South Korea relations. The greatest potential for cooperation between the two countries involves aligning South Korea’s dynamic industrial capabilities with India’s own industrialization efforts.
By Marta Bengoa
The current situation demands acknowledgment that trade and monetary policy operate as interconnected systems, not isolated levers that can be pulled independently. A coherent approach would acknowledge that the United States’ economic strength derives from its integration into global supply chains, not isolation from them.
By Caroline Arkalji
Securing strategic minerals against intensifying natural risks is no longer just a business challenge; it must be a global policy priority. The energy transition cannot succeed on unstable foundations; the world needs smarter, safer, and fairer mines designed to withstand current and future environmental risks.
Observer Research Foundation America, 1100 17th St. NW, Suite 501, Washington DC 20036 USA
