By Terri B. Chapman, Jhanvi Tripathi & Rakesh Kumar Sinha
This report examines how India can better integrate into GVCs while building resilience.
By Brian Webster, Alan Gelb, and Anit Mukherjee
Shifting the payment of social transfers from cash to direct deposit via bank or mobile money accounts can directly improve efficiency for governments and convenience for beneficiaries. It may also produce positive spillovers such as boosting financial inclusion and empowering women. But do these spillovers materialize, and under what circumstances?
By Udaibir Das
The Trevor Manuel G20 Africa Expert Panel Report reframes Africa’s constraints as a single system of mispricing, debt compression and governance asymmetry. Its proposals for refinancing, collective bargaining and International Monetary Fund quota reform mark the first coordinated attempt to shift power within the international financial architecture.
By Udaibir Das
Ubuntu economics does not invoke moral claims. It advances a structural argument: Africa’s demographic momentum, mineral endowments and ecological assets are central to global prosperity, and instability in the region imposes system-wide costs. The reform frameworks are now primarily in place. The question is whether the political and institutional conditions of 2026 permit their implementation.
By Piyush Verma and Telmen Altanshagai
Mongolia is not just a customer or supplier—but a co-partner in building new regional supply-chains, new corridors and new resource-alliances. It speaks to a future where India is not simply plugged into global energy markets, but co-creating them.
By Udaibir Das
While stability prevails in institutional titles, resilience prevails in policy content. This shift influences the oversight and allocation of approximately $470tn in global financial assets. This has structural implications and affects public accountability.
By Terri B. Chapman, Jhanvi Tripathi & Rakesh Kumar Sinha
This report examines how India can better integrate into GVCs while building resilience.
By Dhruva Jaishankar
There is a strategic logic in the coming together of India, Israel, the US, and the UAE. But trenchant disagreements on great power politics linger. Developing the partnership from the ground up will be key.
A focus of this issue is the coal sector in the United States in India.
Special Report
By Shayak Sengupta & Jahanvi Singh
By Ammar Nainar
India’s military leaders have valuable foreign experience that they have gained from ground operations, professional military education and defence diplomacy.
By Shayak Sengupta, Thomas Spencer, Neshwin Rodrigues, Raghav Pachouri, Shubham Thakare, Peter Adams, Rahul Tongia, Inês Azevedo
As electricity demand and living standards in India increase, the country will plug in new technology like electric vehicles and air conditioners.
By Tapas Peshin, Shayak Sengupta, and Inês Azevedo
Compared to their conventional counterparts, electric vehicles may reduce greenhouse gas emissions in many states in India, but also increase air pollution from electricity generation because most Indian coal plants do not control their air pollution emissions.
By Shayak Sengupta & Rama T. Ponangi
India’s nuclear isolation came to an end with the help of civilian nuclear deals with the United States and its allies. Yet Russia has more influence on the Indian nuclear power market.
A particular focus of this issue is solar energy in the United States and India. Solar will be key to reducing emissions and decarbonizing the energy systems of both countries.
Special Report
By Shayak Sengupta & Ammar Nainar
by Dhruva Jaishankar
Executive Director, ORF America
The following remarks were delivered at the opening of the Raisina Dialogue DC on April 26, 2022 in Washington DC.
It really is a special moment for me, personally, to be welcoming you all to ORF America, because this is in some ways the culmination of over three years of work.
There are by one count almost 400 think tanks in Washington DC. But it is still a relatively rare occasion to be introducing a new public policy institution.
ORF America is – as its name suggests – an American institution. But equally, it is defined by its partnership with ORF, one of India’s leading institutes, with the mission of addressing policy challenges facing the United States, India, and their partners amid significant global upheaval. And it is precisely the changes that we are witnessing around the world today – including geopolitical and technological challenges, economic and environmental challenges – that define our agenda and sense of purpose.
When people ask ‘Why ORF America?’, the reasons seem rather obvious. The U.S.-India partnership will be a defining one for the foreseeable future: not always without its differences and difficulties, but also with a great deal of convergence and cooperation. And that relationship between two of the world’s three largest populations, two of the world’s three largest militaries, soon two of the world’s three largest economies – both of them democracies, one developed and one developing – will naturally have global implications. Generating a better understanding of each other’s policies is imperative. This long-term investment in an ‘ideas bridge’ between India and the United States on global issues is, in part, what ORF America is all about.
A sample of some of our future efforts illustrates this. We hope to have standing dialogues between India and the United States, with partners in three critical geopolitical theaters: the Indo-Pacific, Europe, and the Middle East. In addition to our ongoing work on cybersecurity, we hope to add a research stream on 5G and semiconductor partnerships. We hope to contribute to cooperation on development assistance and supply chain resilience. And we hope to elevate cooperation and increase understanding between India and the United States on climate and energy policy. Our growing staff of 10 offer expertise in these areas, and reflect diverse perspectives.
Much of this would not be possible without our broad-based partnership with ORF. As we speak, ORF is hosting the Raisina Dialogue in New Delhi, featuring participants from over 90 countries. European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen is this year’s keynote and the foreign ministers of 14 countries are attending. From the United States, IndoPacom commander Admiral Aquilino, Assistant Secretary of Defense Ely Ratner, and Deputy National Security Advisor Anne Neuberger will feature. This occasion offers the perfect opportunity for those of us unable – or hesitant – to make the long trip out to New Delhi to meet here for the Raisina Dialogue DC.
Our agenda at today’s event reflects ORF America’s priorities and our values of non-partisanship, diversity, and international cooperation. How can the United States retain a leadership role in the Indo-Pacific, a vast region of both unparalleled opportunity but also arguably the greatest geopolitical challenge the United States has faced in decades? What can the United States do to partner with the developing world on energy transitions, to ensure supply, manage costs, and achieve climate objectives? How is the United States contending with threats in cyberspace and what will that mean for others? While we have several officials from the U.S. government joining us to discuss these issues, we will also feature perspectives from Malaysia and Australia and experts on Africa and India, in the spirit of bringing Washington to the world, and the world to Washington.
With that, welcome, once again, to what is the first in-person Raisina Dialogue DC.
By Terri B. Chapman & Mannat Jaspal
Who does the climate finance architecture serve most, who is left behind, and how is it shaping inequality between countries?
By Andreas Kuehn
The global surge in demand for critical materials has given rise to new geopolitics.
India Climate Update is produced by Observer Research Foundation America (ORF America), Observer Research Foundation (ORF) and facilitated and distributed by ClimateWorks Foundation.
By Dhruva Jaishankar
Some are questionable assumptions that took hold among analysts of international relations. But other gaps have been exposed in India’s independent analytical capability
By Terri B. Chapman
The US lags in achievement towards several of the targets under SDG 8 and SDG 10.
Observer Research Foundation America, 1100 17th St. NW, Suite 501, Washington DC 20036 USA