By Shayak Sengupta and Sagatom Saha
The Inflation Reduction Act is Washington’s boldest climate policy ever—but still woefully insufficient.
By Udaibir Das
Ubuntu economics does not invoke moral claims. It advances a structural argument: Africa’s demographic momentum, mineral endowments and ecological assets are central to global prosperity, and instability in the region imposes system-wide costs. The reform frameworks are now primarily in place. The question is whether the political and institutional conditions of 2026 permit their implementation.
By Piyush Verma and Telmen Altanshagai
Mongolia is not just a customer or supplier—but a co-partner in building new regional supply-chains, new corridors and new resource-alliances. It speaks to a future where India is not simply plugged into global energy markets, but co-creating them.
By Udaibir Das
While stability prevails in institutional titles, resilience prevails in policy content. This shift influences the oversight and allocation of approximately $470tn in global financial assets. This has structural implications and affects public accountability.
By Dhruva Jaishankar and Ammar Nainar
Once a quiet backstage function of the armed forces, defence diplomacy has emerged as one of India's sharpest tools of statecraft. From joint exercises and training missions to disaster relief and maritime surveillance, India's military now operates far beyond the battlefield: building trust, shaping partnerships, and projecting the country's strategic interests on a rapidly shifting global stage.
By Julianne Smith and Lindsey Ford
American allies are rapidly transforming their relationships whether Washington likes it or not; these networks can either serve or undermine U.S. interests depending on how Washington engages with them. If the United States fails to reset ties with Asian and European partners, it risks being left on the sidelines of a rapidly changing world order.
By Shayak Sengupta and Sagatom Saha
The Inflation Reduction Act is Washington’s boldest climate policy ever—but still woefully insufficient.
By Shayak Sengupta, Neha Khanna, Casper Sonesson, Daniel Suryadarma, Aanandita Sikka, Edoardo Tancioni, Sagatom Saha, Budy Resosudarmo
Economywide decarbonization is essential for achieving the climate goals set in the Paris Agreement.
By Shayak Sengupta, and Sagatom Saha
The era of green subsidies is shaping the transition to a cleaner future, but, absent global cooperation, developing countries risk being left behind.
By Shayak Sengupta
So far, the Biden administration has relied on a series of ad hoc agreements to deal with international reactions from the IRA, but it needs a proactive approach.
The focus of this issue of the U.S.-India Energy Monitor is hydrogen in the United States and India.
Special Report
By Shayak Sengupta, Medha Prasanna, and Peter Jarka-Sellers
By Shayak Sengupta, Sumil K Thakrar, Kirat Singh, Rahul Tongia, Jason D. Hill, Ines M. L. Azevedo, and Peter J. Adams
Air pollution and greenhouse gases from India's coal-dominant electricity system causes widespread, premature deaths in the country.
The focus of this issue of the U.S.-India Energy Monitor is natural gas in the United States and India.
Special Report
By Shayak Sengupta
By Shayak Sengupta, Peter Adams, Thomas Deetjen, Puneet Kamboj, Swati D'Souza, Rahul Tongia, and Inês Azevedo
Electricity consumption and emissions of states in India are similar to differences between those of entire countries.
India Climate Update is produced by Observer Research Foundation America (ORF America), Observer Research Foundation (ORF) and facilitated and distributed by ClimateWorks Foundation.
The focus of this issue of the U.S.-India Energy Monitor is the wind sector in the United States and India.
Special Report
By Shayak Sengupta & Jahanvi Singh
A focus of this issue is the coal sector in the United States in India.
Special Report
By Shayak Sengupta & Jahanvi Singh
By Shayak Sengupta, Thomas Spencer, Neshwin Rodrigues, Raghav Pachouri, Shubham Thakare, Peter Adams, Rahul Tongia, Inês Azevedo
As electricity demand and living standards in India increase, the country will plug in new technology like electric vehicles and air conditioners.
By Tapas Peshin, Shayak Sengupta, and Inês Azevedo
Compared to their conventional counterparts, electric vehicles may reduce greenhouse gas emissions in many states in India, but also increase air pollution from electricity generation because most Indian coal plants do not control their air pollution emissions.
By Shayak Sengupta & Rama T. Ponangi
India’s nuclear isolation came to an end with the help of civilian nuclear deals with the United States and its allies. Yet Russia has more influence on the Indian nuclear power market.
A particular focus of this issue is solar energy in the United States and India. Solar will be key to reducing emissions and decarbonizing the energy systems of both countries.
Special Report
By Shayak Sengupta & Ammar Nainar
India Climate Update is produced by Observer Research Foundation America (ORF America), Observer Research Foundation (ORF) and facilitated and distributed by ClimateWorks Foundation.
India Climate Update is produced by Observer Research Foundation America (ORF America), Observer Research Foundation (ORF) and facilitated and distributed by ClimateWorks Foundation.
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