India Climate Update is produced by Observer Research Foundation America (ORF America), Observer Research Foundation (ORF) and facilitated and distributed by ClimateWorks Foundation.
U.S.-India Energy Monitor, No. 4
The focus of this issue of the U.S.-India Energy Monitor is the wind sector in the United States and India.
Special Report
By Shayak Sengupta & Jahanvi Singh
Mundane But Meaningful: Understanding The Consequential Ways Digital Technology Is changing Basic Wartime Tasks
By Mchael Depp
The digitalization of national intelligence systems has made it possible for NATO to more effectively support Ukraine’s efforts with intelligence sharing.
Building Resilient Global Value Chain Linkages in India: Findings from an Enterprise Survey
By Terri B. Chapman, Jhanvi Tripathi & Rakesh Kumar Sinha
This report examines how India can better integrate into GVCs while building resilience.
I2U2 reflects new geopolitical realities for all four nations
By Dhruva Jaishankar
There is a strategic logic in the coming together of India, Israel, the US, and the UAE. But trenchant disagreements on great power politics linger. Developing the partnership from the ground up will be key.
U.S.-India Energy Monitor, No. 3
A focus of this issue is the coal sector in the United States in India.
Special Report
By Shayak Sengupta & Jahanvi Singh
Bhadauria in Dhaka to Naravane in Yangon, foreign experience matters for CDS post
By Ammar Nainar
India’s military leaders have valuable foreign experience that they have gained from ground operations, professional military education and defence diplomacy.
The U.S. Needs to Find the Middle Ground on Afghanistan
Emissions from Indian Power Generation
By Shayak Sengupta, Thomas Spencer, Neshwin Rodrigues, Raghav Pachouri, Shubham Thakare, Peter Adams, Rahul Tongia, Inês Azevedo
As electricity demand and living standards in India increase, the country will plug in new technology like electric vehicles and air conditioners.
In Cybserspace, Actions—Not Words—Define Norms
Should India Move toward Vehicle Electrification?
By Tapas Peshin, Shayak Sengupta, and Inês Azevedo
Compared to their conventional counterparts, electric vehicles may reduce greenhouse gas emissions in many states in India, but also increase air pollution from electricity generation because most Indian coal plants do not control their air pollution emissions.
New Opportunities: India and the United States in a Changing Middle East
Russia’s Outsized Role in India’s Nuclear Power Program
By Shayak Sengupta & Rama T. Ponangi
India’s nuclear isolation came to an end with the help of civilian nuclear deals with the United States and its allies. Yet Russia has more influence on the Indian nuclear power market.
The Quad Needs a Harder Edge
U.S.-India Energy Monitor, No. 2
A particular focus of this issue is solar energy in the United States and India. Solar will be key to reducing emissions and decarbonizing the energy systems of both countries.
Special Report
By Shayak Sengupta & Ammar Nainar
Introducing ORF America and the Raisina Dialogue DC
by Dhruva Jaishankar
Executive Director, ORF America
The following remarks were delivered at the opening of the Raisina Dialogue DC on April 26, 2022 in Washington DC.
It really is a special moment for me, personally, to be welcoming you all to ORF America, because this is in some ways the culmination of over three years of work.
There are by one count almost 400 think tanks in Washington DC. But it is still a relatively rare occasion to be introducing a new public policy institution.
ORF America is – as its name suggests – an American institution. But equally, it is defined by its partnership with ORF, one of India’s leading institutes, with the mission of addressing policy challenges facing the United States, India, and their partners amid significant global upheaval. And it is precisely the changes that we are witnessing around the world today – including geopolitical and technological challenges, economic and environmental challenges – that define our agenda and sense of purpose.
When people ask ‘Why ORF America?’, the reasons seem rather obvious. The U.S.-India partnership will be a defining one for the foreseeable future: not always without its differences and difficulties, but also with a great deal of convergence and cooperation. And that relationship between two of the world’s three largest populations, two of the world’s three largest militaries, soon two of the world’s three largest economies – both of them democracies, one developed and one developing – will naturally have global implications. Generating a better understanding of each other’s policies is imperative. This long-term investment in an ‘ideas bridge’ between India and the United States on global issues is, in part, what ORF America is all about.
A sample of some of our future efforts illustrates this. We hope to have standing dialogues between India and the United States, with partners in three critical geopolitical theaters: the Indo-Pacific, Europe, and the Middle East. In addition to our ongoing work on cybersecurity, we hope to add a research stream on 5G and semiconductor partnerships. We hope to contribute to cooperation on development assistance and supply chain resilience. And we hope to elevate cooperation and increase understanding between India and the United States on climate and energy policy. Our growing staff of 10 offer expertise in these areas, and reflect diverse perspectives.
Much of this would not be possible without our broad-based partnership with ORF. As we speak, ORF is hosting the Raisina Dialogue in New Delhi, featuring participants from over 90 countries. European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen is this year’s keynote and the foreign ministers of 14 countries are attending. From the United States, IndoPacom commander Admiral Aquilino, Assistant Secretary of Defense Ely Ratner, and Deputy National Security Advisor Anne Neuberger will feature. This occasion offers the perfect opportunity for those of us unable – or hesitant – to make the long trip out to New Delhi to meet here for the Raisina Dialogue DC.
Our agenda at today’s event reflects ORF America’s priorities and our values of non-partisanship, diversity, and international cooperation. How can the United States retain a leadership role in the Indo-Pacific, a vast region of both unparalleled opportunity but also arguably the greatest geopolitical challenge the United States has faced in decades? What can the United States do to partner with the developing world on energy transitions, to ensure supply, manage costs, and achieve climate objectives? How is the United States contending with threats in cyberspace and what will that mean for others? While we have several officials from the U.S. government joining us to discuss these issues, we will also feature perspectives from Malaysia and Australia and experts on Africa and India, in the spirit of bringing Washington to the world, and the world to Washington.
With that, welcome, once again, to what is the first in-person Raisina Dialogue DC.
Exploring the Inequities of Climate Finance
By Terri B. Chapman & Mannat Jaspal
Who does the climate finance architecture serve most, who is left behind, and how is it shaping inequality between countries?
Materials That Matter
By Andreas Kuehn
The global surge in demand for critical materials has given rise to new geopolitics.
India Climate Update - Q1 2022
India Climate Update is produced by Observer Research Foundation America (ORF America), Observer Research Foundation (ORF) and facilitated and distributed by ClimateWorks Foundation.
The Ukraine war exposes glaring analytical gaps
By Dhruva Jaishankar
Some are questionable assumptions that took hold among analysts of international relations. But other gaps have been exposed in India’s independent analytical capability



















