Energy & Climate
ORF America
Mongolia’s Gas Pipeline Diversification Comes ...

By Telmen Altanshagai

The implications of PS-2 for Mongolia are double-edged. The project could provide new revenues, jobs, and energy diversification, while elevating Mongolia’s role in regional energy flows. But it also risks eroding the very sovereignty and strategic autonomy that Ulaanbaatar has sought to preserve through its “Third Neighbor” policy.

Mongolia’s Gas Pipeline Diversification Comes With Risk
Foreign Policy & Security
ORF America
India’s Overseas Infrastructure Investments: ...

By Archana Kamath

While India’s overseas investments in infrastructure have been growing, including with the support of the Indian government’s foreign assistance programs, they have received far less attention, despite important projects in countries such as Bangladesh, Greece, Indonesia, Israel, Mauritius, the Philippines, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Tanzania, and Vietnam.

India’s Overseas Infrastructure Investments: The Role of the Private Sector
Foreign Policy & Security
ORF America
India and South Korea: Opportunities for ...

By Dhruva Jaishankar

The newly-elected presidency of Lee Jae Myung in South Korea has created an opportunity to advance India-South Korea relations. The greatest potential for cooperation between the two countries involves aligning South Korea’s dynamic industrial capabilities with India’s own industrialization efforts.

India and South Korea: Opportunities for Industrial and Strategic Cooperation
Economic Development
ORF America
U.S. Tariff Windfall Cannot Compensate for ...

By Marta Bengoa

The current situation demands acknowledgment that trade and monetary policy operate as interconnected systems, not isolated levers that can be pulled independently. A coherent approach would acknowledge that the United States’ economic strength derives from its integration into global supply chains, not isolation from them.

U.S. Tariff Windfall Cannot Compensate for Jobs, Costs, Debt, and Inefficiencies
Economic Development
ORF America
Even before COP30, Commitments Are Falling Short

By Anit Mukherjee

In less than two months, global heads of governments will land in Belém for the formal opening of COP30. But with little time left, climate commitments are falling short of the urgency needed to address the crisis.

Even before COP30, Commitments Are Falling Short

Technology Policy

A Deeper Dive: Trump Pursues American Dominance in AI

A Deeper Dive: Trump Pursues American Dominance in AI

By Sarah Box

The AI Action Plan is a clear signpost towards American dominance in AI and its impact will be felt globally. The hope is that it will indeed lead to the industrial and information revolution and cultural renaissance anticipated by the administration, and that this is not a winner-take-all race but one that allies and partners can share in.

A New Code for Cyber Intrusion Capabilities: Pall Mall

A New Code for Cyber Intrusion Capabilities: Pall Mall

By Elsa Debargue and Jeffrey D. Bean

The Pall Mall Process is a work in progress, and only time will tell if it proves durable and successful. However, it does hint at a potential turning point in current cyber governance efforts by adapting to the realities of a decentralized, privatized, and often invisible marketplace of digital intrusion.

Trump’s Reversal on AI Diffusion Controls Raises New Questions

Trump’s Reversal on AI Diffusion Controls Raises New Questions

By Jeffrey D. Bean

All in all, the United States’ oscillating policy on AI diffusion reflects an ongoing struggle in how best to simultaneously retain U.S. leadership in semiconductors and advance compute for AI at both a market level and in national defense applications, while blocking adversaries’ access to advanced AI chips and the capability to manufacture them.

The U.S. Defense Industry Still Faces a Chip Challenge

The U.S. Defense Industry Still Faces a Chip Challenge

By Jeffrey D. Bean and Andreas Kuehn

Looking ahead, as the Department of Defense strives to incorporate and utilize more AI chips, it will need to secure access to leading nodes for edge chips and the confidence in pathways to use greater allocations of secure cloud services for advanced computing.

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